In-text+citation+with+APA-style


 * APA IN-TEXT CITATION WITH APA STYLE **

APA style uses the author/date system for in-text citation. Within the text of your paper, include an in-text citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source. For every in-text citation in your paper, there must be a corresponding entry in your reference list. See the following examples for correct ways of using in-text citation. Note: For direct quotations of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of text without quotation marks and include the authors’ names, date, and page number in parentheses at the end of the quote. For example: This suggests that familiarity with nonnative speech in general, although it is clearly not as important a variable as topic familiarity, may indeed have some effect. That is, prior experience with nonnative speech, such as that gained by listening to the reading, facilitates comprehension. (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 77)
 * Using in-text citation with APA style **
 * Using the Author/Date System ||
 * **Author's Name ** || **Example of Usage ** ||
 * Author's name part of narrative || Gass and Varonis (1984) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic. ||
 * Author's name in parentheses || One study found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic (Gass & Varonis, 1984). ||
 * Multiple works (separate each work with semi-colons) || Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented speech in general (Gass & Varonis, 1984; Krech Thomas, 2004). ||
 * Direct quote, author's name part of narrative || Gass and Varonis (1984) found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (p. 85). ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Direct quote, author's name in parentheses || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85). ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">APA style has specific rules for citing works by multiple authors. Use the following chart to determine how to correctly cite works by multiple authors in text.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Works by multiple authors **
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">Citing Works by Multiple Authors in Text ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Type of citation ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">First citation ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Subsequent citations ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">First citation, **

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> parenthetical format ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Subsequent citations, parenthetical format ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">One author || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Field (2005) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Field (2005) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Field, 2005) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Field, 2005) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Two authors || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Gass and Varonis (1984) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Gass and Varonis (1984) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Gass & Varonis, 1984) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Gass & Varonis, 1984) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Three authors || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Munro, Derwing, and Sato (2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Munro et al. (2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Munro, Derwing, & Sato, 2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Munro et al., 2006) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Four authors || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Tremblay, Richer, Lachance, and Cote (2010) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Tremblay et al. (2010) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Tremblay, Richer, Lachance, & Cote, 2010) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Tremblay et al., 2010) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Five authors || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Hay, Elias, Fielding-Barnsley, Homel, and Freiberg (2007) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Hay et al. (2007) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Hay, Elias, Fielding-Barnsley, Homel, & Freiberg, 2007) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Hay et al., 2007) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Six or more authors || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Norris-Shortle et al. (2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Norris-Shortle et al. (2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Norris-Shortle et al., 2006) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Norris-Shortle et al., 2006) ||


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> Example paragraph with in-text citation **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">A few researchers in the linguistics field have developed training programs designed to improve native speakers' ability to understand accented speech (Derwing, Rossiter, & Munro, 2002; Krech Thomas, 2004). Their training techniques are based on the research described above indicating that comprehension improves with exposure to non-native speech. Derwing et al. (2002) conducted their training with students preparing to be social workers, but note that other professionals who work with non-native speakers could benefit from a similar program.

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